Project Description/توضیحات پروژه
ویلا شماره دو
یکی از پروژه هایی که در سال 1393 به دفتر ما پیشنهاد شد طراحی ویلایی در مجموعه باغشهرهای واقع در شهرک صدرا، در نزدیکی شیراز بود که در انتها اجرای آن نیز به عهده ی ما گذاشته شد. کارفرمای پروژه مالک دو قطعه زمین 1000 متری در مجاورت یکدیگر بود و قصد ساخت ویلایی کوچک برای استراحت و تعطیلات آخرهفته البته با بودجه ای نسبتا محدود داشت. با بازدید از سایت، نقاط قوت و ضعف متعددسایت پروژه توجه ما را به خود جلب کرد. قرارگیری برروی دامنه کوه و اشراف به دشت بسیار وسیعی از خانه های ویلایی و باغات آن محدوده از مهم ترین مشخصه های زمین موردنظر بود، هم چنین شیب زیاد زمین در هر دو جهت طولی و عرضی نیز از موارد قابل فکر پروژه به شمار می آمد. از طرف دیگر از کوه به زمین ویلا، دید بسیار قابل توجهی وجود داشت که می بایست در روند طراحی راه چاره ای برای آن اندیشیده می شد
علی رغم ضابطه کل منطقه، مبنی بر ساخت ویلا در دو طبقه، به دلیل اینکه ارتفاع زیاد ساختمان دید افراد استفاده کننده از کوه را تحت تاثیر قرار می داد، و با رایزنی های متعدد با شهرداری صدرا، و با تکیه بر شیب عرضی زیاد زمین، به جای طراحی ویلا در دوطبقه، دو حجم جداگانه یکی جهت فضاهای خصوصی و دیگری جهت فضای عمومی در یک طبقه طراحی گردید. هم چنین با بررسی نقاطی از کوه که قابلیت استفاده عمومی را داشتند و درنتیجه افراد اشراف خوبی به ویلا و محوطه آن پیدا می کردند؛ احجام رد منطقه ای جانمایی شد که فضاهای بیرونی قابل استفاده ( محوطه های نشستن عصرگاهی، استخر و ….) کمترین دیدی را از بیرون مجموعه به خود ببینند و در نهایت این دو حجم با توجه به توپوگرافی سایت برروی زمین قرار داده شدند
پس از تثبیت جانمایی احجام اصلی و شکل گیری تقریبی پلان اولیه، دیدهای ساختمان رو به بیرون مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. در راستای دستیابی به یک دید کامل رو به دشت و باغات ویلایی، با چرخش چنددرجه ای حجم عمومی و در نتیجه افزایش حدودا دوبرابری زاویه دید، تقریبا تمامی دشت روبرو در چشم انداز ساختمان قرارگرفت. هم چنین با توجه به منظره بسیار زیبای کوه ، از فضاهای پشت ساختمان نیز پنجره هایی به سمت کوه گشوده شد
در تمامی مراحل طراحی، استفاده از پنجره های بزرگ درکلیه فضاها جهت استفاده هرچه بیشتر از نور طبیعی و مناظر اطراف در دستورکار اصلی طراحی بود. با توجه به نحوه طراحی نما و فضاهای بیرونی، که همگی تا حد امکان ساده و بدون عناصر اضافه طراحی شده بودند، سعی بر آن شد تا طراحی داخلی نیز همان شیوه را در پیش گرفته و در نهایت سادگی و با کمترین پیچیدگی انجام گیرد و اولویت اصلی بر دید از کلیه فضاهای داخلی، به مناظر و فضاهای بیرونی، کوهی که در پشت قرار داشت و یا دشتی که روبرو بود قرار گرفت. جنس بیشتر بدنه ها نیز با رنگ های روشن پوشانده شد. بدنه میز ناهارخوری و شومینه نیز آجر شد که در هماهنگی با رنگ کف فضایی گرم و دلنشین را بوجود آورد
در محوطه سازی نیز، همانند جانمایی احجام، با توجه بسیار زیاد به خطوط توپوگرافی سایت و شیب زمین، طراحی به صورتی انجام شد که کمترین میزان خاکبرداری و خاک ریزی و آسیب به بستر طبیعی سایت انجام گیرد. هم چنین در نماسازی کل محوطه، از دورریز سنگ هایی که جهت فعالیت های عمرانی شهرداری در آن محدوده، در اطراف پروژه رها شده بود استفاده شد که هم چون سنگ ها از همان منطقه بود کمک بسیار زیادی در به وجود آمدن بستری طبیعی جهت ساختمان کرد و هم از نظر اقتصادی کمک شایانی به پروژه شد. سازه ساختمان به صورت اسکلت بتونی طراحی گردید. با توجه به آب و هوای معتدل منطقه، تاسیسات سرمایشی کولرآبی و گرمایشی پکیج رادیاتور و شومینه درنظر گرفته شد. درنهایت پروژه که اجرای آن از بهمن ماه 1393 شروع شده بود، اسفند 1394 به کارفرما تحویل داده شد
Villa No. 02
Designing of a 2000 sqm Villa is one of the project which was firstly offered and finally implemented by our architecture studio in 2014. The villa is located in garden city of Sadra (near Shiraz). The client had two adjacent 1000 sqm lands and wanted to construct a small villa by limited budget for his leisure time at weekends. After sightseeing, strengths and weaknesses of the region drew our attention. Locating on the hillside and having an overview of villas and gardens are the main features of the site. In contrast, the steep slope in both longitudinal and transect directions was controversial issue which should have been considered. Also, to hinder the sightseeing from adjacent mountain a solution should have been taken to account.
Despite urban legislation to construct two stories villa (since building’s height directly connected to the climbers sightseeing); after a long negotiation with municipality, we decided to design the villa in two separated masses for private and public zone in a same floor, to solve transverse slope of the region’s topography. Furthermore, assessment of mountainous public spaces, resulted in locating the masses in a way that outdoor spaces have the least view to the public spaces of the mountain. Finally, those two masses were located on the floor based on the topography slope. After stabilizing of the main volumes and approximated preliminary plan formation, the exterior faces of the building were assessed. To get widest view of plain in one shot, the public part of the building rotated to some extent. Also, due to the spectacular view to the mountain, several windows located at the back side of the building.
The inseparable part of the designing during the whole designing procedure was to use large windows to provide the building with the most of daylight during the day time and having a wide view to the plain. In landscaping, designing has been conducted based on the minimum amount of excavation and embankment. Also, minimum damage to the natural features of landscape has been considered by following topographical lines.
Moreover, using abandoned stones from constructional activities of municipality in constructing the façade of the villa, helped to create organic nature and make it more economical. The white of the villa allows it to stick out as a man-made object on the landscape during the changing colors of the season. Based on the consultant civil engineer opinion, concrete structure was considered for the building. According to the mild climate of the region, it is heated by radiators, packages and fireplace and is cooled by evaporative coolers. Finally, the construction of the project was started in February 2015 and it was completed in March 2016.(www.caoi.ir)
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